Friday, January 27, 2012

Classical Arguments #1 - The Cosmological Argument


Classical arguments for God's existence are called "classical" because they are supposedly the oldest arguments used by philosophers to prove the existence of God.  The most common is called the Cosmological argument.  The Cosmological argument argues that every effect has a cause, including the universe aka "cosmos".  A simple version in deductive form would look like this:

#1  Everything that begins to exists has a cause
#2  This universe began to exist
#3  Therefore, this universe has a cause

This is not the only form of the argument, but it is probably the simplest.  Notice that if premise #1 and premise #2 are true then #3 is true whether you like it or not.  This is helpful because almost all of scientific scholarship affirms the truth of premise #2, consider the "Big Bang" for example.  So if someone wants to deny the conclusion they would have to deny premise #1 - "everything that begins to exist has a cause" - which they cannot do without looking foolish -see quote by William Lane Craig below.

Strengths:
  • The argument is very simple and easy to follow.
  • The two premises are largely supported by mainstream science.
Weaknesses:
  • It does not argue for the existence of the Christian God, only for the existence of a first cause.  The argument is therefore not unique to Christianity.  It's interesting to note that the 3-step version I gave above was originally developed by Muslims.
Bible references:
  • Genesis 1:1; Job 38-41; Psalm 19:1, 97:6; Acts 14:15, 17; 17:24; Rom 1:20

If this argument works, then you have established a number of things.  For one there is an ultimate first cause of the universe.  Second, this cause created space and time and so must be space-less and timeless.  Third, the first cause would be very, very, very powerful.  Fouth, the first cause would be personal because space-less and timeless things do not decide to create stuff.  For example the number 7 cannot "decided" to do anything.  So if successful this argument leaves you with a space-less, timeless, extremely powerful, personal being.




Do you think this argument is successful?  What are some common objections?  Perhaps you have a question.  Feel free to leave a comment so that I can respond and not be bored at work!

Thursday, January 19, 2012

Pastorisms

I'm going to start using a new word - "Pastorism".  A Pastorism is a catchy phrase often used by pastors to communicate a spiritual truth, but does so in an imbalanced way.  This imbalance is because the catchy phrase will communicate something that is true, and also suggest something that is false.  An example would be "No creed but Christ".  Sounds nice right? Sounds so good lots of churches use it as their creed...uh, wait a minute... See the problem?  The truth in this phrase is that Christians follow Christ, but the phrase also suggests that we don't like statements of belief, which is exactly what this statement is.  Another pastorism would be "No book but the Bible".  I might ask if this phrase is found in the Bible or in other books. Another example is "Where the Bible speaks we speak, where the Bible doesn't speak, we don't speak." Which verse talks about stem cell research again?  I think you can see from these examples that pastorisms say something that has a very good overall message, like being Christ centered or Bible centered, but at the same time say something that is false.

This is basically how I see the video by a young Christian named Jefferson Bethke titled "Why I hate religion, but love Jesus".  The video went viral a week ago and I'm a week late, but so was my birth so whatever.  Check out the video on youtube if you haven't seen it.  It's really popular.  It reached 14 millioin views after only 8 days.  There's a lot of religious and non-religious people worked up about the video.  Some Christians say he's speaking the truth, others say he's preaching false doctrine.  It's actually pretty heated.  I think it's just an issue of pastorisms.  Have you ever heard the phrase "Christianity is not a religion, it's a relationship"?  I've heard it about a thousand times, and it's probably the biggest pastorism out there.  What it's trying to communicate - that external rituals and traditions don't save you - is good.  But it's also saying something else - that rituals and traditions and everything else external (and internal) about religion is bad.  This is simply false.  Christianity is more then the external practice of religion yes, but it's not less.  

For instance Jesus hates hypocritical religion (Mt. 23) but James talks about "pure and undefiled religion" (James 1:27) and I have a hunch that he's referring to Christianity.  I remember one of my professors from LABTS saying "if calling Christianity a religion is good enough for James then it's good enough for me."  And I agree.  I really like Jefferson Bethke, I think he's sincerely trying to get the gospel out there.  He's just a victim of a common pastorism.  

If you're interested, watch the video and then check out Kevin DeYoung's blog where he critiques it. 

http://thegospelcoalition.org/blogs/kevindeyoung/2012/01/13/does-jesus-hate-religion-kinda-sorta-not-really/

Interestingly, Jeff Bethke actually responds to Deyoung and you can read some of their back and forth emails on the blog.  Bethke shows himself to be very humble and teachable.  AWESOME!

one more thing, Jeff Bethke says that religion calls you "slave" but Jesus calls you "friend".  Kevin DeYoung has no problem with this, but do you? Ever read a book called "Slave" by John MacArthur? I'm looking at you Zach!

p.s. I totally stole the word "pastorism" from Greg Koukl.  Props to him

Wednesday, January 18, 2012

really sleeply and sick at work...

"Suppose that something could come into existence from nothing. If that were the case then it’s inexplicable why just anything and everything doesn’t pop into being out of nothing.  But no one here tonight is worried that while you’re listening to this debate a horse may have popped into being uncaused out of nothing in your living room and is there defiling the carpet right now as we speak.  As Dr Slezack himself has written in another context - only academics could be so ridiculous.  If made seriously outside the seminar room such claims would be evidence of clinical derangement." 

-William Lane Craig, in a debate with Dr. Peter Slezack

Wednesday, January 11, 2012

Hitchens 13 April 1949 – 15 December 2011.



There were a lot of ironic things about Christopher Hitchens.  He's named after a person he detested so much.  He left Christianity and became an atheist, while his brother Peter Hitchens left atheism and became a Christian.  Most ironically perhaps, he argued that God cannot exist in a world of pain, suffering, and death, only to be diagnosed with esophageal cancer in 2010.  He was a British journalist and avid critic. Known for his sharp wit, intellect, humor, and bad-boyish demeanor, Hitchens was "the man" in the secular world.  His biggest flaw and most devastating problem was that he denied and detested the Gospel of Christianity.  Let's just face it, he ridiculed God.  Even in death he seemed militant against any notion of salvation.  In regards to a possible death bed conversion, he said "I would say it fractionally increases my contempt for the false consolation element of religion and my dislike for the dictatorial and totalitarian part of it". More recently in a letter to the American Atheist Convention he said, “redemption and supernatural deliverance appears even more hollow and artificial to me than it did before.”  We have no reason to think his attitude changed before his last breathe. 


I'll first say in one sense I liked the guy, but not for his beliefs.  The man was a wordsmith.  Indeed it was not his intellect that attracted his popularity, but his rhetoric and personality.  His deep British voice mixed with modernism, a sharp tongue, and incredible wit made him famous. On top of that the man had guts.  He was one of the loudest voices for atheism and was infamously known as one of the four horsemen of the “new atheists.”  But he was different from the other new atheists.  Richard Dawkins would publish a book and promote it by holding conferences with other atheists.  Christopher Hitchens would publish a book, and then sit in front of three of the world’s leading apologists and just duke it out.  He co-wrote a book with Douglas Wilson called “Is Christianity good for the world?” and then went on a national tour with him debating the topic.  He debated Dinesh D'Souza just about every other day, and when everyone was calling Richards Dawkins chicken for not debating William Lane Craig, Christopher Hitchens met him on his own campus.  In other words, Christopher Hitchens was a punk who wasn’t afraid of anyone.  He ridiculed God’s existence more than argued against it, but at least he was willing to argue, and with anyone, anywhere.  He was so good at what he did that even many Christians think of him as an amazing rhetorician (if that word even exists). 
 This lead me to my main point, everyone in the Christian blogosphere is lamenting the death of Christopher Hitchens.  By far most of the Christians who have written on this express how great of a man he was and how much he contributed to the world of Christian dialog, and how he's such an all around good guy.  I'm not saying we should throw a party, but he was one of the foremost enemies of mainstream Christianity.  It's interesting how many people want to celebrate his academic career and speculate at the possibility that he's in heaven from a secret bed conversion.
Hitchens was ruthless against religiosity. He once called
Mother Teresa "A thieving, fanatical Albanian dwarf."

First of all, he wasn't an academic, he was a popular writer and critic.  Second of all, if he was alive today he would laugh at people for thinking that he made a last minute conversion.  Third, come on, the guy was rude.  There's a rumor going around on the internet that what Hitchens really died from was buying a piece of toast with an impression of the virgin Mary and eating it just to shut up all the religious fanatics, and then contracting a disease from all the accumulated bacteria on the toast which had been touched by the hands of thousands of people.  Now, that's a work of satire, but if anyone ever did that, it would have been Christopher Hitchens. Fourth, the guy heard the gospel, could articulate it better then most Christians, and scorned God because of it.  Romans 1:21 says, "For even though they knew God, they did not honor Him as God or give thanks, but they became futile in their speculations, and their foolish heart was darkened."  The rest of the chapter goes on the describe this chain reaction - man rejects God, God gives man up, man rejects God, God gives man up... all the while man acting against what he knows to be true.  One person said it was sad that we didn't reach Hitchens in time, but in one sense we did - we got the gospel to him.  He knew the gospel better than most Christians, and the gospel was re-articulated again and again to him.  He decided to ridicule that gospel and God Himself. It's a sad thing that he decided to commit his life to making fun of Jesus and Christianity, but it's not because we didn't reach him in time.  His blood is on his own hands.
With that said, I will say that part of me liked him and will miss the guy, but mostly because apologists have lost a famous sparing partner.  But let's not forget what his death should remind us of.  "For the wages of sin is death, but the free gift of God is eternal life in Christ Jesus our Lord."- Romans 6:23.  Ever since the fall of Adam and Eve, death has been present to remind us of the consequence of sin.  We can hate the idea as much as we want, but not even Christopher Hitchens can escape that reminder. 


I was kind of refreshed by a blogger named Glenn Peoples.  He did a blog on Hitchens called "Being Dead Does Not Make Him Any More Noble", check him out
http://www.beretta-online.com/wordpress/2011/hitch-being-dead-does-not-make-him-any-more-noble/